Thursday, April 30, 2009

HOW TO STUDY MATHS

Math Study Skills
  1. Read what the instructor will be lecturing on before you go to class.Read slowly. Reading mathematics is not like reading a novel or even history. Speed reading techniques are not appropriate. Every word and symbol is important to the meaning. Do not skip the symbolic part of the text. This is often the most important part. If you do not understand a symbol, look in the glossary or in the earlier part of the text. Symbols are often explained when they are first introduced. If you still can not find out what a symbol means, ASK!Read with a pencil in hand. Every time the author does a problem, do it on your own—either before or after you read his or her explanation. This makes sure you know what steps have been shown and, more importantly, which ones were omitted. If there is something you do not understand, try to formulate a question about it. Often if you can ask a specific question, you can answer it yourself. If you can’t answer it, you know what part of the instructor’s lecture requires your complete attention. Your question is ready if the lecture does not clear up your misunderstanding.
  2. Understand the concepts.Don’t be satisfied with vague ideas about how to work problems. Do the examples yourself, understand the concept illustrated, then try making up your own examples. Keep in mind that the questions on the exam may be very different from the example in the book.
  3. Practice.Be sure you understand the concepts before you practice. Then practice will help you remember and give you confidence in your mastery. Force yourself to remember the methods as you work problems; don’t look back in the book.
  4. Keep up with assignments (whether they are graded or not).The pace is much faster in college and keeping up to date with assignments helps you to better understand what is going on in class.Mathematics is not a spectator sport. The only way you can learn mathematics is by doing it. Following are some suggestions for getting the most out of the time you spend on homework.
    Understand the purpose of homework. Homework in mathematics classes is assigned to help you understand certain concepts and to help you build certain skills. Homework is not assigned to you because it is important to get the right answers. Your instructor already knows the answers.
    Try to understand the process, not the specific problem. Classify problems in the assignment by problem type. Although this is often done for you by the directions, it is not always. Do each assigned problem and then check it in the back of the book. Try to figure out why you missed the ones you did instead of just working toward the answer. A similar problem may be on a test or quiz.
    Mark homework problems you still do not understand and get help with them before the next class. The next lecture may build on a concept or skill you did not understand in the homework. When you do get help, make notes on what you learned, so that you can study them for the test.
    Before closing the book, look back over the assignment and try to explain to yourself what the assignment was about, what each kind of problem was asking, how you got the answers and what the answers tell you. This process will help you understand the material and will help you discover what you don’t understand.
    Keep your homework in a convenient and neat notebook so that you will be able to find questions or difficulties you have quickly and easily. This will also provide an invaluable study guide for tests.
  5. Ask questions.Do not hesitate to ask questions. Ask your instructor for help after you have tried to pull class notes and textbook explanations together for review and still don’t understand. Write down specific problems so you have them ready; don’t be vague and say you just don’t understand.
  6. Don’t hesitate.Get help right away. Tutoring and help sessions are available. The longer you wait before getting help, the harder it will be to get caught up. Most of the time when you feel lost, it is just one concept that you are missing, so get help quickly. One missed concept in a math class will make the rest of your math career a hardship. Don’t feel embarrassed to ask questions and get help; even the best mathematicians have felt completely lost at some point.

Sunday, April 26, 2009

Pilihan Trial SPM 2008 Negeri-Negeri lain



korang klik ja soalan mana yg korang nak download..


Trial Maktab Rendah Sains Mara SPM 2008

Bahasa Melayu
Bahasa Inggeris
Mathematics
Add Mth [skema]
Fizik[skema]
Kimia
Biologi
Pendidikan Islam
Sejarah

Trial SPM PERLIS
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
BAHASA MELAYU [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [SKEMA ]
BAHASA INGGERIS [ K1 ] [ K2 ][ SKEMA ]
SEJARAH [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
MATHEMATICS [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Fizik 123 Perlis
Kimia [ K1 ] [ K2 ][ K3 ] [ SKEMA 1] [ SKEMA 2] [SKEMA 3]
BIOLOGY [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3 ] [ SKEMA 1] [SKEMA 2] [ SKEMA 3]
EST [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [SKEMA ]
PEND MORAL [ SKEMA ]
GEOGRAFI [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ SKEMA ]
PRINSIP AKAUN [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
PERDAGANGAN [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ SKEMA ]
SASTERA MELAYU [ SKEMA ]
EKONOMI [ K1 ][ K2 ]
SAINS 1 [SKEMA ]
SAINS 2 [ BHG A] [BHG B] [BHG C] [ SKEMA]

Trial SPM Perak
Mathematics [ K1 ][ K2 ] [ SKEMA]
Sejarah [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ SKEMA]
Pendidikan Islam [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ SKEMA]
Bahasa Melayu [ K1 ][ K2 ][ skema ]
Add Math
Kimia
Fizik [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3 ]

Trial SPM Johor
BM [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Mathematics [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Add Mth [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Bahasa Inggeris
science 1
Fizik [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3 ]
Biology [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3 ]
Kimia [ K1 ] [K2 ] [ K3 ][ skema ]
Sejarah [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Pendidikan Islam [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Prinsip akaun [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Sce Pertanian [ K1 ] [ K2 ]

Trial SPM Kedah
Bahasa Melayu [ K1 ][ K2 ]
Bahasa Inggeris [ K1 ] [ K2 ][skema]
Sejarah [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Pend moral
Bio [ K1 ] [K2 ][ K3 ][ SKEMA ]
prinsip akaun 2
Kimia [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3]
Pend Islam [ K1 ]
Fizik [ K1 ] [ K2 ][ K3 ]
ADD Mth [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ skema ]
Mathematics

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FIZIK [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3 ][skema]
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PEND ISLAM [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
KIMIA [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ K3 ]
Skema kimia
SEJARAH [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
MATH [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
ADD MATH [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
BAHASA INGGERIS [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
BIOLOGI [ K1 ] [ K2 ][ K3 ]
Sains [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
EST

Trial SPM Pahang
Add Mth [ K1 ] [ K2 ]
Fizik [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [K3 ]
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Mathematics
Kimia
Pendidikan Moral
Sejarah
EST
Biology
Bahasa Inggeris
Science
Pendidikan Islam
Tassawur Islam


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Mathematics
Add Mth
Bahasa Melayu
Bahasa Inggeris
Sejarah
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Pendidikan Islam
Science

Trial SPM Selangor
kimia 1 kimia 2 kimia 3
Biology 123 [ skema ]
Fizik 123
Bahasa Melayu
ADD MTH [ K1 ] [ K2 ] {skema K1 ] [ skema K2 ]

Wilayah Persekutuan
ADD MTH [ K1 ] [ K2 ] [ skema K1 ] [ skema K2 ]
Bahasa Melayu
BM 4 shared


Trial SPM Kelantan

Fizik Kelantan
Add Math [ Skema ]
Bahasa Inggeris
Pendidikan Islam
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Kimia 123
Biology 123
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Sejarah K12

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Fizik Negeri Sembilan
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Sejarah
Pendidikan Islam
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Kimia
Biology
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Scoring SPM Bahasa Melayu – Kertas 2 (Part 2 of 2)

Posted by Chong

In this post, I am going to guide you in answering SPM Bahasa Melayu Paper 2 (Kertas 2) effectively question by question. Before that, I think most of you will face one common problem — running out of time when answering this paper. Why? This is because you may have spended too much time on summary (rumusan) and/or reading comprehension (pemahaman). To overcome this problem, you should do your summary and write your answers for reading comprehension quickly. Go to the next question if you face difficulty in answering a particular question. Do not waste your time thinking for answer that you know you do not know.

Another thing to take note is that your answer for every question except summary and novel should be written in one paragraph only. For instance, answer for reading comprehension should be written as below:
This is the first sentence of your answer. This is the second sentence of your answer. Please take note that you do not have to leave some space before you write your first sentence. This is the fourth sentence of your answer.
Soalan 1: Rumusan – Firstly, you should analyse the question carefully. Let say the question is
Baca petikan di bawah dengan teliti, kemudian buat satu rumusan tentang kesan-kesan pencemaran air dan langkah mengatasinya. Panjang rumusan hendaklah tidak melebihi 120 patah perkataan.
Source: Peperiksaan Percubaan SPM 2006 Sekolah Berasrama Penuh
Punca Kesan LangkahIt is very clear that the summary you are going to write will have kesan-kesan pencemaran air as the isi tersurat while langkah mengatasinya as the isi tersirat. How to write the introductory paragraph (pendahuluan)? You should read the passage thoroughly and quickly to identify (by underlining) all the isi tersurat while looking for the main idea of the passage. Your introductory paragraph (sentence) should contain the main idea of the passage. In this case, the main idea of the passage is the kesan pencemaran air. However, you cannot use the keyword ‘kesan’ because this keyword has been mentioned in the question. Instead, you should use the alternative word for kesan such as implikasi and akibat. Besides that, your introductory sentence should be more specific to get full marks (2 marks). A good introductory sentence in this case is: Petikan membincangkan implikasi pencemaran air kepada semua jenis hidupan di bumi.

For the second paragraph (isi tersurat), you should summarize the points related to akibat daripada pencemaran air in the passage. Do not add your own point of view in writing the isi tersurat. I suggest you to write about six to seven isi tersurat and two to three isi tersirat as long as your summary does not exceed the number of words permitted.Isi Tersurat dan Tersirat This combination of isi tersurat and isi tersirat works well for most of us because we can easily identify the isi tersurat in the passage. The reason I suggest two points for isi tersirat is that you will not get any mark if the point you have written is not included in the marking schema. You should write the isi tersirat in paragraph three. In writing the isi tersirat, you should write your own point of view not mentioned in the passage. In this example, you should write on usaha mengatasinya. Lastly, for the conclusion (kesimpulan), you should always write it in this format:
Kesimpulannya, [semua pihak/pihak apa] harus/patut/perlu bekerjasama untuk mengatasi [masalah yang dibincangkan] supaya/demi [kesan baik].
For this particular example, the conclusion should be written like this:Kesimpulannya, semua pihak mestilah bekerjasama dalam menangani masalah pencemaran air supaya rakyat Malaysia mendapat bekalan air yang selamat.

Soalan 2: Pemahaman – For questions asking the meaning of certain words (rangkai kata), you must not repeat the words being asked in the question in your answer. For instance, you answer to the question ‘Berikan maksud rangkai kata rakus mengejar keuntungan’ must not contain the words rakus, mengejar and keuntungan. An excellent answer for this question would be ‘Rangkai kata ini bermaksud gelojoh mencari faedah’.

For questions asking for your opinion, you should write your own answer not referring to the passage. For this type of questions, the marks allocated for them indicate the number of points you should write in your answer. One mark indicates that your answer should contain one point; two marks indicate your answer should contain two points; the same goes to three marks for three points. However, four marks usually indicate that your answer should contain only two points with elaboration.

For questions referring to the excerpts of the literature text, you should answer what you have learned in form four and five literature. So, a sound mastery of the entire literature syllabus in form four and five will help you to answer question 2(b), 2(c) and 2(d) correctly and quickly. Most of the time, you can forecast the actual SPM questions by analyzing the literature texts in various states’ trial papers. Most of the time, there will be question like ‘Huraikan dua perwatakan Daneng daripada petikan dan satu perwatakan daripada keseluruhan cerpen’. Some of you might now know that if you can spot more than two perwatakan in the petikan, you can actually write the additional perwatakan for perwatakan daripada keseluruhan cerpen. So, you can actually get all the answers by referring to the text given even though the question asks for perwatakan daripada keseluruhan cerpen. Give one example for each perwatakan in your answer. Daneng seorang yang tetap pendiriannya. Sebagai contoh, dia tidak mahu meninggalkan kampung halamannya.

Soalan 3: Pengetahuan dan Kemahiran Bahasa – For bina ayat, you should underline the words given in the questions for the ease of marking by the examiner. For questions 3(c) and 3(d), underline the words which you have changed or corrected in the answers. Question 3 tests your mastery of Malay language, whether you know it or you do not. So, I do not have any great tips to share with you on how to answer this question perfectly.

Soalan 4: Novel – Make sure you have read the original novels before you step into the examination hall. You should have read these novels in your form four and five. In addition to that, you should read and memorize the notes about the literature aspects of the two novels since the question will ask you to make comparison between both of the novels you have read. Give one example to support each point in your answer.

Below, a recap of the main tips of this post:
- Answer the questions quickly or you will run out of time.
- Answers except for summary and novel questions should be written in one paragraph.
Soalan 1: Rumusan – Do not repeat the keywords in the questions.
Soalan 2: Pemahaman – Tips on answering various types of questions.
Soalan 3: Pengetahuan dan Kemahiran Bahasa – Underline where necessary.
Soalan 4: Novel – Read and memorize the notes on the literature aspects of the novels you have read in form four and five.

Thursday, April 23, 2009

How to Better Prepare for your Math Exam

Things You’ll Need:

  • Math Book
  • Notebook Paper or Spiral Notebook
  • Pencil
  • Calculator
  • Assignment Sheet (if applicable)
  • Willingness to Communicate with your Teacher

Step1
GO TO ALL YOUR MATH CLASSES: Begin by realizing that Mathematics always builds on itself. This means that for this particular class it is very important that you try not to miss any of your math classes (This should go for all your classes, but it is more essential for this one) Missing any of your math classes can put you behind.

Step2
DO YOUR HOMEWORK: You may find that in some of your classes, even your math class, the teacher will not require that you complete the homework that he/she gives you. DO NOT take this as a free pass for your math class. In order for you to truly do well in this class, you really have to do your homework assignments.

Step3
PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE: The most important fact about preparing for your Math Exam is that you DO NOT study for this exam, you PRACTICE for this exam. Mathematics is all about learning a problem and then practice, practice practice until you understand it.

Step4
ASK FOR HELP: Always ask questions to get a better understanding of the math problems. Use your teacher, make sure that you discuss with them any problems you may be struggling with until you get it.

Step5
YOU WILL SEE THE HOMEWORK PROBLEMS ON THE EXAM: Make sure that you do most, if not all of the homework given to you. It will only better prepare you for the exam. You will find that all the problems given to you in your exam, you already completed in your homework.

Step6
AGAIN PRACTICE and LISTEN: A week or so before the exam just start practicing all the problems you've already done to make sure you have them down flat. Sometimes teacher will give you a hint about what will be on the exam, LISTEN!!! It will only help you.
Step7
GOOD LUCK on your next MATH Exam.

Tips & Warnings

  • Try doing calculator problem by hand, it will only improve your efficiency.
  • If the teacher give practice exams, DO THE PRACTICE EXAM

How to score an "A" in exams?

This gives you tips on how to get really good marks in a test. This will show you how to set an example to your juniors and stand tall and proud infront of your parents and teachers.

Things You’ll Need:

  • Confidence
  • Interest
  • Brain
  • Hardwork



Step1
The most basic thing you will have to do is to set a very clear goal. Many students' goals are studying textbooks and notes. Is that right? No, it isn't. The first goal students must set is that how many 'A's they want to achieve. This is very important because goals will determine how you study and therefore your results! For example, if you are going after a 100% for Maths, you will take necessary steps. Though you know you can't get 100%, you will get 80% and more. This is very different from a student who wants to just pass by 60%. They won't take the necessary steps and they will fail!
Step2
The next important thing is planning and scheduling. You can set how many goals you want but you won't be able to achieve them with out planning and scheduling. You need to divide time for both studying and playing. No one can study all time since your brain needs to rest after hard working. You can relax by listening to some good music or encouraging music. Do not watch TV or use computer. You will stress your eyes and your eyes will get tired making you feel like resting. This will ruin your schedule
Step3
Mind mapping is also very important. Whenever teachers teach you something at school, come home and mind-map whatever you have learnt. Writing notes won’t help because it is not attractive and it looks very hard to read. So mind-map with different colors and shapes.
Step4
The next step is power-reading information. Reading textbooks and notes can’t help you throughout the exam. There must be some questions which are about your opinion. You should answer it with proof to get marks. So, you have to go online or go to the library to get more information about what you need to know.

The climb-Miley cyrus

I can almost see it
That dream I'm dreaming but
There's a voice inside my head sayin,
You'll never reach it,
Every step I'm taking,
Every move I make feels
Lost with no direction
My faith is shaking but I
Got to keep trying
Got to keep my head held high

There's always going to be another mountain
I'm always going to want to make it move
Always going to be an uphill battle,
Sometimes you going to have to lose,
Ain't about how fast I get there,
Ain't about what's waiting on the other side
It's the climb

The struggles I'm facing,
The chances I'm taking
Sometimes they knock me down but
No I'm not breaking
The pain I'm knowing
But these are the moments that
I'm going to remember most yeah
Just got to keep going
And I,
I got to be strong
Just keep pushing on,

There's always going to be another mountain
I'm always going to want to make it move
Always going to be an uphill battle,
Sometimes you going to have to lose,
Ain't about how fast I get there,
Ain't about what's waiting on the other side
It's the climb

There's always going to be another mountain
I'm always going to want to make it move
Always going to be an uphill battle,
Sometimes you going to have to lose,
Ain't about how fast I get there,
Ain't about what's waiting on the other side
It's the climb

Keep on moving
Keep climbing
Keep the faith baby
It's all about
It's all about
The climb
Keep the faith
Keep your faith

Without the Moon, Would There Be Life on Earth?


The ocean tides mirror life itself. Their ebb and flow pay homage to the cyclic nature of the cosmos along even the most secluded seashores. But is life itself also ultimately a fluke of the tides? If so, life may ultimately owe its origins to our serendipitously large moon. The sun and wind also drive the ocean's oscillations, but it is the moon's gravitational tug that is responsible for the lion's share of this predictable tidal flux. Our current Earth–moon system, according to the prevailing theory of lunar formation, reflects our solar system's early game of planetary billiards, when colliding planetary embryos created entirely new versions of themselves—in the case of our own planet, a disproportionately large natural satellite in close orbit. It all started some 4.5 billion years ago when, as theory has it, our nascent Earth was blindsided by a Mars-size planetary embryo, believed to have spun Earth into its initial fast rotation of roughly 12 hours per day. The molten mantle thrown into orbit after the catastrophic lunar-forming impact quickly coalesced into our moon. Within a few thousand years, Earth cooled to an object with a molten surface and a steam atmosphere. Life emerged some 700 million years later, or about 3.8 billion years ago. But four billion years ago a cooling Earth already had an ocean, but remained barren. The moon was perhaps half as distant as it is now, and as a result, the ocean tides were much more extreme. At an average distance of 235,000 miles (380,000 kilometers), the moon is currently receding from Earth at a rate of 1.5 inches (3.8 centimeters) per year. As it does, Earth's own spin rate is slowing. And, in the process, roughly three terawatts of gravitational energy is shed into pushing around the oceans annually. Over the eons, all that energy has had an evolutionary impact. "The oceans' tidal flow helps transport heat from the equator to the poles," says Bruce Bills, a geodynamicist at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. "Without the lunar tides, it's conceivable that climate oscillations from the ice age to the interglacial would be less extreme than they are. Such glaciations caused migrations of animal and plant species that probably helped speed up speciation." Bills also points out that such tidal heat transfer could have also mitigated climate fluctuations. The problem in determining which "tidal forcing" scenario is correct, he says, is that climate researchers currently lack data spanning extremely long timescales. Even so, Peter Raimondi, an ecologist at the University of California, Santa Cruz, says the tools of evolution are also driven by the tides' influence on these intertidal regions. "In a rocky intertidal area," Raimondi says, "it's very clear there are strong evolutionary pressures brought on by a changing environment over a short spatial scale. Without our moon, our marine environment would be much less rich in terms of species diversity." But is the influence of the lunar tides actually responsible for life itself? If life originated around deep ocean hydrothermal vents (so-called black smokers), then the lunar tides played a minor role, if any, says James Cowen, a biogeochemical oceanographer at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. If, however, life originated in tidal waters, he says, then tidal cycles could have played a major role.

Wednesday, April 22, 2009

Biology is the bored subject in my life even it is importand to me



yeah..
wut to do?..
exclly i like biology subject..
suddenly..after i have got bad result in biology paper even in paper 3
i fell really upset.. that why until now i hate biology.. but biology is importand subject to me to score A1 cause i want to futher my study in Bioperubatan course after spm..
i need to prepare well in this subject.. including in additional math,chemistry,physic..

that 4 today!..
cau!

Tuesday, April 21, 2009

SPM Mathematics Tips

sBrief Introduction
Mathematics (is also known as Modern Maths) and Additional Mathematics are categorized as thinking subjects which you take your time thinking rather than memorizing facts. The formula will be given at the front page of the examination paper. Additional Maths is notably 4 times harder than Modern Maths. It’s like if students think Maths is shit, then take Add Maths. If you get 90% marks in Maths, you may have potential to get 40% marks in Add Maths. It’s near to impossible for someone who get A1 in Add Maths fail in Math. Well it’s not important. What I’m going to discuss at here is Mathematics.

SPM Mathematics
In SPM, mathematics is considered as compulsory subject. You must pass this subject in order to get the certificates along with Malay language. Malay language test takes a lot of time and your hand hurts like hell after writing so many words. It’s not simple either. However, the percentage of students fail in Mathematics is higher than Malay Language in real SPM, which is ridiculous. It is told that Mathematics is quite ‘difficult’ among Art students in seminar SPM, which I can't believe my eyes either.

In my opinion, Mathematics is the easiest subject in SPM for Science students. I believe PMR students can even do with their PMR standard knowledge because some questions like volume of solid and area and perimeter of a circle being test in SPM. It’s not being taught in SPM therefore you can only depend on your past knowledge in Form 2. Although the questions are a lot easier than Add Maths, There are still some pupils having difficulties in Maths.

I see some students leave the 'haven't done' answers after they get the formulae to be applied in the questions, which they didn’t really answer the questions. Some of them don’t understand the questions’ needs. Therefore, exercises and guidance from teachers are essential for improvement.

SPM Intervention KL 2008The questions are so direct and mostly the answers will less likely to appear in decimal. You need a little bit of logic compare to Add maths. Besides that, even if you do well in monthly test, you might end up tilting head during SPM examination hall. It’s because monthly tests don’t follow the real format of SPM. Like Intervention 1 for KL state this year, there's no chance in hell this question is coming out in real SPM.

Based on SPM Maths, it consists of 2 papers

Paper 1
- 1 ¼ hors
- 40 questions
- 40 marks

Paper 2
- 2 ½ hours
- working steps must be done
- Section A
= 52 marks
= 11 questions
- Section B
= 48 marks
= 5 questions (answer 4 of out 5)

Every chapter will be tested in Paper 1. The questions will be tested from Form 1 until Form 5. Since you have already mastered the some basics in PMR, these shouldn’t be a problem. Do past year objective questions will strengthen your basic.

In paper 2, there are only certain chapters that will be tested in SPM maths. That’s why I will concentrate more on paper 2. The whole paper 2 format based on past year questions in random order with brief tips below

Confirmed to be tested every year
Paper 2 (Section A)
1) Volume of solids (which was taught in form 2)
- most of the formulae given are for this question
- make sure the formulae are used correctly
- combined solid is sum of volume of the solids
- remaining solid is the subtraction of bigger solid and smaller solid

2) Angles of elevation and depression
-using trigonometry rule

3) Mathematical reasoning
- statement ‘and’ and ‘or’
- If p, then q. If q, then p.

4) Simultaneous linear equation
- equalize the same unknown and take out
Example : 4p - 2q = 15
(2p + 4q = 19) x2 (times 2 to make unknown 4p same)
- don’t use Add Math method, answers will be different.

5) The straight line
- y = mx + c
- gradient, gradient….
- What is c? c (y-intercept) is the point where the line touches the y-axis.

6) Quadratic expressions and equations
- ‘solve the equation’ is to find the unknown
- change the equation of the question into this form
- factorise by your own or using calculator
- must state x = ?, x = ?, there will be 2 answers

7) Matrices
- will mostly ask inverse matrix
- if you’re not sure about the answer, check if the whole outcome is identical to the inverse matrix in the question.
- the answer in a) is related to b)

8) Area and perimeter of circles (same as number 1)
- 2πr (perimeter or circumference) and πr2 (area)
- (angle/360 degree) x the formulae above for the area or perimeter of certain part

9) Probability
- is more of (number / total number).
- the formulae given are plain useless
- final answer is never less than 0 or more than 1, 1 > answer > 0

10) Gradient and area under a graph
- based on speed/ time graph
= distance is area of the graph
= rate of change of velocity is gradient of the graph
= speed is based on the graph (seldom being asked)
- beware of total distance and total speed

Can be varied each year
1) Sets (2004 and 2006)
- shading based on the questions (intersection or union)
- beware of the complement such as A’

2) Graph of functions (2005 and 2007)
- the inequalities (upper line is >, lower line is <) - if slanted line, you can imagine it into horizontal straight line. Same concept as above. What’s the conclusion? 2008 will be ‘Sets’! Wow, I can predict what will come out in this year’s SPM. :D Paper 2 (Section B) Answer 4 questions 1) Graph of functions - Linear functions (less likely to come out as it’s a straight line after plotted) - Quadratic functions (2004 and 2005) - Cubic functions (2007) - Reciprocal functions (2006) = this question is easy because you can detect the type of graph after you plot it. = elastic ruler is recommended = x-axis and y-axis should be stated in the graph 2) Transformation - Translation - Reflection - Rotation - Enlargement ( careful with the word ‘to’ and ‘from’ because it determines the image would be smaller or bigger) = combination of transformation like VT -do T before V. It's some kind of law. 3) Statistic - Histogram ( 2004 and 2005) = x-axis the upper boundary with an additional lower boundary at the front of the graph = y-axis is frequency - Frequency Polygon (2006) = x-axis is midpoint = y-axis is frequency - Ogive (2007) = x-axis is upper boundary = y-axis is cumulative frequency = additional upper boundary should be added to the table = x-axis and y-axis should be stated in the graph My school hasn’t come to these chapters below, but I will try my best to explain it. 4) Plans and elevations -well I’m not sure but what I can see is you must be able to imagine the solid from every side -plan is looked from above -elevation is looked from the side of the solid -the length and the edge (ABCD) should be stated correctly -similar to a chapter of the living skills in PMR 5) Earth as a sphere -no comment because I’m not going to explain something that I’m not sure -latitude is vertical and longitude is horizontal of the sphere -nautical mile If you concentrate on these chapters and do a lot of past year questions, I’m sure getting A1 in Maths is not a matter for you. Choose the 4 questions that you’re confident in section B paper 2. Do all questions if you think you have much time to spend for taking a nap. Why study more if you know what kind of questions will come out?

Additional Tips
1) You know doesn’t mean you can get correct, try to make less careless mistakes in each paper.
2) See through the questions word by word as there will be some tricky part in the questions, especially ‘to’ and ‘from’ in enlargement.
3) Don’t be sad if you do badly in trial SPM because the odd might come to you in SPM.
4) Be sure to study smart, not study hard. Hope this helps.

SPM Literature In English (SPM 2008-2010)

Due to popular request, I have decided to dedicate a post to Literature in English (SPM 2008-2010). Please note that the previous Literature posts were only applicable for 2005, 2006 and 2007 candidates. You may of course, view them for comparison purposes and such.

FORMAT PENTAKSIRAN KESUSASTERAAN DALAM BAHASA INGGERIS SPM 2008/2009/2010
Snow
Literature in English
Marking Scheme/ Guideline
2008-2010

KESUSASTERAAN DALAM BAHASA INGGERIS
SENARAI KARYA BAGI PEPERIKSAAN SPM TAHUN 2008, 2009, DAN 2010


Novel
Fahrenheit 451 (Ray Bradbury)
Fasting, Feasting (Anita Desai)
Holes (Louis Sachar)

Drama
Julius Caesar (William Shakespeare)
The Lion and the Jewel (Wole Soyinka)
An Inspector Calls (J.B. Priestly)

Short Story
Naukar (Anya Sitaram)
Cinderella Girl (Vivien Alcoc)
The Landlady (Roald Dahl)
A Common Story (Kassim Ahmad)
Neighbours (Robert Raymer)
Harrison Bergeren (Kurt Vonnegut Jr. )

Poetry
Theme: Relationships
Tonight I Can Write (Pablo Neruda)
Ways of Love (Chung Yee Chong)
A Prayer for My Daughter (Yeats)
The Way Things Are (Roger McGough)
For My Old Amah (Wong Phui Nam)
How Do I Love Thee? (Elizabeth Barret Browning)

Theme: Perceptions of Self
Birches (Robert Frost)
I Am (John Clare)
This Is A Photograph of Me (Margaret Atwood)
Waiting to Go On (Hugo Williams)
Daring Tears (Craig Romkema)
The Traveller (Muhammad hj Salleh)

Theme: Conflicts
Dulce et Decorum Est (Wilfred Owe)
The Man He Killed (Thomas Hardy)
Death of A Rainforest (Cecil Rajendra)
The War Against Trees (Stanley Kunitz)
A Quarrel Between Day and Night (Omar Mohd Noor)
"Crabbed age and youth cannot live together "(Shakespeare)


Examination Format
The candidate is asked to choose one question from each component.

Section A:
There are 6 texts to be studied. Only 4 short stories will be selected for testing each year. Each short story will be tested individually. The candidate is required to answer ONE out of the four questions.

Section B:
There are 3 texts to be studied. All 3 novels will be selected for testing each year. Each novel will be tested individually. The candidate is required to answer ONE out of the three questions.

Section C:
There are 3 texts to be studied. All 3 plays will be selected for testing each year. Each play will be tested individually. The candidate is required to answer ONE out of the three questions.

Section D:
There are 3 themes to be studied. All 3 themes will be selected for testing each year. Each theme will be tested individually. The candidate is required to answer ONE out of the three questions.

Extra Answers
  • Candidates are allowed to answer two or more questions from each component.
  • The examiner will chose the highest marks that the candidate has attained for ONE question.
  • A single question comprises of three sub-questions. They are to be considered as a whole and not to be counted as separated questions.
  • No extra marks will be given for any additional answers.
  • No extra marks will be awarded beyond the maximum marks cited.Illogical/irrelevant information may be ignored by the examiner.


Section A: Short Stories [25 marks]

I. Text Comprehension. (Maximum of 5 marks)
  1. First point given.
  2. Appropriate supporting information given.
  3. Second point given.
  4. Appropriate supporting information given.
  5. Third point given.
  6. Appropriate supporting information given.
  7. Overall understanding.
  8. Language. (None of the common mistakes as stated.)

II. Plot Expansion. (Maximum of 8 marks)
  1. Basic description correctly given based on the short story.
  2. First point given.
  3. Appropriate supporting information given.
  4. Second point given.
  5. Appropriate supporting information given.
  6. Third point given.
  7. Appropriate supporting information given.
  8. Fourth point given.
  9. Appropriate supporting information given.
  10. Overall contribution of stated event/incident/occurrence/etc to the plot.
  11. Writing techniques used by author given.
  12. Language. (None of the common mistakes as stated.)

III. Evaluation and Understanding with Reference to the Text. (Maximum of 12 marks)
  1. First point given based on story.
  2. Appropriate supporting information given.
  3. Second point given based on story.
  4. Appropriate supporting information given.
  5. Third point given based on story.
  6. Appropriate supporting information given.
  7. Fourth point given based on personal ideas.
  8. Appropriate supporting information with reference to the text.
  9. Fifth point given based on personal ideas.
  10. Appropriate supporting information with reference to the text.
  11. Sixth point given based on personal ideas.
  12. Appropriate supporting information with reference to the text.
  13. Overall understanding.
  14. Language. (None of the common mistakes as stated.)

Section B: Novel, Section C: Drama, and Section D: Poetry are all worth 25 marks each. The guidelines for answering is the more or less the same as Section A.

All the best.

P/S: Literature in English actually has quite easy texts, contrary to popular belief. It's easier and more interesting than that dry novel some of you have to do for normal English, The Return. Give it a try. = )

.:: :: HIMPUNAN TIPS SEJARAH SPM :: ::.

:: Sumbangan tips dari anda amat dialu-alukan ::

Disini terdapat beberapa tips yang ingin saya kongsikan bersama ahli-ahli group ini

SOALAN BAHAGIAN A

BACA, FAHAM, & JAWAB
Baca dulu arahan dan kehendak soalan kemudian berikan jawapan mengikut kehendak soalan

JANGAN BAZIRKAN MASA
Jika anda tidak dapat menjawab soalan tertentu, pergi kepada soalan seterusnya dan apabila selesai kembali semula kepada soalan yg tidak dapat dijawab tadi

BERI LEBIH JAWAPAN
Anda boleh memberikan seberapa banyak jawapan bagi soalan pada bahagian A walaupun soalan hanya meminta satu jawapan kecuali jika soalan meminta definisi


SOALAN BAHAGIAN B

BACA SOALAN
Baca dulu arahan dan kehendak soalan

FAHAMI KEHENDAK SOALAN
JELASKAN - beri fakta & contoh
HURAIKAN - beri fakta, bukti & contoh
TERANGKAN - senaraikan tema/fakta diikuti dengan huraian yang betul
NYATAKAN - beri jawapan yg spesifik tanpa memberi penerangan lanjut
BANDINGKAN - menyatakan persamaan & perbezaan antara 2 atau lebih
BAGAIMANAKAH - menyatakan langkah atau cara secara tpt

HIGHLIGH KEHENDAK SOALAN
Gunakan pen "highlighter" untuk meningkatkan tumpuan/fokus anda pada kehendak soalan

RANGKA JAWAPAN
Sebelum menjawab, rangka jawapan anda dalam bentuk point. Kalau boleh apabila anda selesai baca soalan terus catatkan apa isi-isi yang anda ingat secara serta merta bagi mengelakkan anda hilang/tertinggal Idea atau Isi-isi penting

KETAHUI CARA MENJAWAB
Menjawab soalan Esei Bahagian B perlu dalam bentuk karangan bukan bentuk point form atau kolum petak. Jawapan pula mestilah ringkas, tepat dan padat, tidak perlu meleret-leret atau berbunga-bunga, Get to the point. Jawablah dengan seberapa banyak isi yang anda tahu. Jangan kelentong!!!

KATA KUNCI
Ingat keyword dah boleh jawab soalan esei ni, untuk menjawab pelajar perlu beri perhatian kepada kata kunci, guru pemeriksa kertas sejarah sering menyatakan "kata kunci penting" & ada yg mengatakan bila penanda nampak keyword terus dapat markah, so, "Sejarah, it's about the points!"

1 JAWAPAN 1 PERENGGAN
Setiap isi penting ditulis pada perenggan yang berasingan. Jangan muatkan dalam satu perenggan.

JAWAPAN MUDAH DIBACA
Jawapan hendaklah ditulis dengan terang dan kemas. Gunakan pena yang berkualiti dan terang dakwatnya.

KEMUKAKAN IDEA BERNAS DAN MATANG
Idea yang dikemukakan hendaklah bernas dan matang terutama apabila soalan meminta anda memberikan pendapat

ELAK JAWAPAN BERSIFAT UMUM
Jawapan yang diberi bersifat umum dan tidak relevan dengan kehendak soalan mestilah dielakkan

ELAK JAWAPAN BERULANG
Jangan menulis sesuatu fakta berulang kali dengan harapan nak dapat markah 2 kali

SERTAKAN CONTOH
Jawapan mesti disertakan bersama contoh yang sesuai

JIMATKAN MASA
Jangan gunakan lebih dari 30 minit bagi setiap soalan, gunakan masa dengan cekap

JAWAB SEMUA SOALAN
Anda boleh menjawab semua soalan pada bahagian B jika ada masa lebih walaupun soalan hanya meminta anda menjawab 3 soalan sahaja. Pemeriksa akan menanda kesemua jawap an anda dan daripada kesemua jawapan tersebut mereka hanya akan memilih 3 soalan yang memiliki markah tertinggi.

CATAT NOMBOR SOALAN
Jawab soalan mengikut turutan. Pastikan nombor soalan dicatat dengan betul

PASTIKAN KERTAS JAWAPAN DISUSUN DENGAN BETUL
Susun kertas jawapan mengikut turutan. jangan buat lawak! ...

Monday, April 20, 2009

Scoring 1A in SPM Chemistry

This post is copying from malaysia student forum..
just take a little break to read this..
i'm not the owner who write this.
just want to share this with u..

A reader, Lix asked how to score in SPM Chemistry at
Malaysia Students Forum (powered by Google Groups) so I write this post with the hope that Lix and other readers will benefit from it. I assume her to be a form 5 student this year since she mentioned the word ‘Kimia’ in her post. For your information, form five year 2006 is the last batch of secondary school students studying Science and Mathematics subjects in Malay.

Let me start this post with my own experience in SPM Chemistry from grade 4C to 1A. Last year, I scored 4C in Chemistry in my mid year examination. I didn’t even know how to write a correct chemical equation. I started worrying that I might get bad result in SPM Chemistry. From that moment, I studied very hard and finally scored 1A in SPM Chemistry. You should start revising each and every chapter in the syllabus now. How? Follow these tips:
  • Master basic but important concepts
  • Memorize important facts and processes
  • Practise past-year SPM papers
  • Practise all trial papers

Master basic but important concepts – You must at least know how to write correct chemical equation, do simple calculation and understand basic chemical concept likes Mole Concept. Note that there are only a few types of calculations in Chemistry compared to Physics so please master all the calculations. Try to learn them yourselves reading the reference books first. If you really couldn’t understand them, you should seek help from your class or tuition teacher.

Memorize important facts and processes – Memorize the colours of chemical substances, understand the salt preparation process… It works effectively although some might argue that memorizing facts is the wrong way of learning. I personally agree that you can surely get a 1A in SPM Chemistry if you could memorize all the facts. However, I strongly recommend you to understand each concept and fact before you start memorizing them. Learning Chemistry becomes more exciting and enjoyable using this method.

Practise past-year SPM papers – Past-year SPM questions will repeat from time to time because of the limited scope covered in SPM Chemistry syllabus. This is no secret that most SPM candidates realize it. Practice makes perfect. Try every question and learn from your mistakes. For essay questions, get the marking schema from your teachers so that you can see how the marks are allocated and which points or keywords deserve full mark, etc. Learning from the essay marking schemas is a highly effective method!

Practise all trial papers – After SPM trial examinations, try to get other states’ SPM trial papers and practise them. Try Maktab Rendah Sains Mara (MRSM) SPM trial papers too! You can either exchange SPM trial papers with your friends from other states or get them online through certain websites. I was lucky because my Chemistry teacher collected other states’ SPM trial papers for us last year. Sometimes, one or more exact or similar questions will come out in the actual SPM Chemistry paper. SPM question leaks do happen every year.

In conclusion, you have to study and understand every chapter carefully. Believe me, you won get 1A if you have read only a few topics and focus on only certain chemical concepts. Like it or not, read-understand-memorize all topics is the only way to guarantee a 1A in SPM Chemistry.

Update: There is a very useful message posted by a reader at Malaysia Students Forum, sharing his/her personal experience on the topic 'How to Score Well in SPM Chemistry’. It is certainly worth a good read!

BooNBoX wrote,
You know what, there's an old legend in secondary school. Normally you hear this story when you are about to enter Form 4.

"Bio, Physics, Chemistry... the difference between these three pure science subjects is that, all three require different brain usage in a different percentage... In Biology, where you need 75% of MEMORIZING skill and 25% UNDERSTANDING of your text. Mean while for Physics, it's the other way round where you need only 25% MEMORIZING skill (my friend derives the formulae other than memorizes it!!) and 75% understanding. Chemistry is some way in the middle and should be the easy for all ... ... you need half memory and half understanding, i.e. you are not only memorize the formulae and concept, you need to apply them as well ..."

To be honest, for the first monthly test in my chemistry, i was about to fail ... ... i did even know how to get the numbers of atoms in a mole of oxygen gas ... ... becoz I couldn't see the concept and i did understand it... i could not imagine the concept... so.. the most important thing is .. YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND AND ACCEPT THE CONCEPT...

then... you learn the basic, how to balance an equation... this is the most basic AND useful skill in chemistry... even in STPM, sometimes you really scratching your head til bleeding but still couldn't figure out the meaning and the question... all you need to do is to balance the equation and you will get the concept for that particular situation/condition... then you are half way to the answer...

the question is .. HOW TO LEARN TO BALANCE THE EQUATION ?? well... ... this is different for every individual... it's more or less like Maths... ... someone good in Maths (and understand what is Maths) could normally do better in balancing the equation... ... just take it as a simple Maths equation and maybe you will get a clearer picture ... ... break the molecules into simple element... ... ... take it simple and think simple .. then it will be...

HOW TO SCORE OK (WELL MAYBE) IN CHEMISTRY ... the most important key is ... ... go through every chapter and learn the basic concept... then... understand its concept but doing some practice questions ... ... doing questions will let you know how to apply this concept ... ...

e.g. : you study about thermochemistry... you know it's about heat produced/asorbed in a chemical reaction... ... but you won't be able to do the questions if you never done it before ... ... becoz you don't know how to apply the concept !

With the concepts in your mind... you should be able to do most questions ... but ... what if you want to do ALL QUESTIONS ??

HOW TO SCORE WELL IN CHEMISTRY then comes in your memorizing skill ... ... you need to memorize examples... ... you need to memorize the colours of elements... ... formulae... ...

you probably know about daniel cell... how to draw the cell and know which way the current going around the circuit... ... but if the question ask you to give an example ??? what if the questions asking you to build an experiment to know what element contain in an unknown substances ??

so to score very well, you will need this.

that's all i wanted to tell you all based on my personal experience. Some might feel not comfortable with my way, I understand that becoz i believe every individual got its own way to excel. Hopefully you can benefits the best from my opinion other than following it blindly.

Scoring SPM Bahasa Melayu - Karangan (Part 1 of 2)

This post is copying from malaysia student forum..
just take a little break to read this..
i'm not the owner who write this.
just want to share this with u..



A reader asked how to score an A in SPM Bahasa Melayu at Malaysia Students Forum. Since I was able to score a 1A in my SPM Bahasa Melayu, I have the responsibility to help other SPM candidates to get an A in this subject too. ;-) For your information, you have to pass SPM Bahasa Melayu to be eligible to continue your studies in form six or local university. Those who don’t pass Bahasa Melayu will sit for SPM July Paper (SPM Kertas Julai) the year after they have had their Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) examination.

Firstly, I would like to share the effective tips to score well in Paper 1 (Kertas 1) with you. For section A (bahagian A), you will have to write an essay within 200 to 250 words based on the material (bahan rangsangan) given. You should ensure that the length of your essay is within the suggested length and should not exceed it though I learned from my teacher that candidate can actually write to the maximum of 255 words.
Lihat gambar di bawah dengan teliti. Huraikan pendapat anda tentang usaha-usaha yang perlu dilakukan untuk menangani gejala vandalisme. Panjang huraian anda hendaklah antara 200 hingga 250 patah perkataan.
Source: SPM Bahasa Melayu Kertas 1 (1103/1) November 2005 Bahagian A
One of the questions often asked by the candidates is should candidate write the whole essay on the material given or on the topic given. For instance, in SPM Bahasa Melayu 2005 paper 1, the question for section A is just four pictures showing public property being damaged as the result of vandalism and graffiti. There is a title in bold type read: ‘GEJALA VANDALISME (Vandalism)’. Some candidates worry that they might lose the content marks if they do not write mainly about the material (images).

Actually, candidates do not have to write about the pictures (the wanton damage of public property); instead they should write an essay on the topic Vandalism. They should write about the causes (faktor/punca), effects (kesan) and/or actions (langkah mengatasinya) taken to overcome problem depending on the question. So, for SPM 2005 (referring to the question), candidate should write on the actions (usaha) to be taken to overcome vandalism. However, to play safe, candidate can include a sentence or two describing the pictures given. (Sebagai contoh, telefon awam dirosakkan dan dinding bangunan diconteng dengan bahasa kesat.)

For SPM Bahasa Melayu 2004 paper 1, the question for section A is similar to SPM 2005 in the way the question being asked, in which show four pictures of various pollution as the result of development with the title ‘PEMBANGUNAN DAN ALAM SEKITAR (The Development and the Environment)’ at the centre of the pictures. So, student should not write the whole essay about the pictures. Instead, student should write the essay focussing on the topic the Development and the Environment.

Since section A of paper 1 tests mainly on the Malay language and not the content, your essay should be grammatically correct (ayat gramatis) besides showing wide vocabulary (kosa kata luas) and interesting phrases (fasa menarik). These tips work well for section B (bahagian B) too!
Pilih satu daripada soalan di bawah dan tulis sebuah karangan yang panjangnya lebih daripada 350 patah perkataan.
Source: SPM Bahasa Melayu Kertas 1 (1103/1) November 2005 Bahagian B
In section B, you have to choose one out of five questions provided and write a continuous essay (esei) more than 350 words. Please note that if you prefer writing formatted essay (karangan berformat), you have to write it in correct format to avoid mark deduction. Here is a secret to score well in this section: write a lengthy essay! Why lengthy essay? This is because a piece of lengthy writing gives the examiner an illusion impression that you can write very well.

Personally, I usually wrote my SPM Malay continuous writing more than 700 words (about three pages depending on your handwriting). Of course, your essay should not have too many errors including but not limited to grammar, spelling and word choice errors. If however you tend to make a lot of mistakes in your writing, I would advise you to write an essay about 500 words. (more than two pages depending on your handwriting). The trick is to write your words in big text size and ensure that there are not more than ten words in each line. In addition, use some relevant idioms in your writing. Some of the common Malay idioms which you should have mastered include but not limited to bulat air kerana pembetung, bulat manusia kerana muafakat; melentur buluh biarlah dari rebungnya; biar mati anak, jangan mati adat and berat sama dipikul, ringan sama dijinjing.

Some questions in section B are open questions which mean that you can write about the causes (faktor/punca), effects (kesan) and/or actions (langkah mengatasinya) taken to overcome a particular problem. For instance in SPM 2005, some questions have the keywords ‘ulas pernyataan di atas’ and ‘berikan komen anda tentang pernyataan tersebut’. Meanwhile, some other questions have limited the scope of your essay. You can easily identify this type of questions by looking for the keywords like ‘berikan pendapat anda tentang peranan keluarga dalam pembentukan sahsiah anak-anak’ and ‘tulis rencana tentang usaha-usaha yang perlu dilakukan oleh pihak berkenaan bagi meningkatkan mutu sukan negara’.

For your information, the fifth question is always a literature-type question (soalan berbentuk sastera). Most of the time, the question will ask the candidates to write a short stories (cerpen) based on a theme or idiom (peribahasa) given. Choose this type of question only if you have a sound mastery of Malay language. Generally, art stream students prefer this type of question more than science stream students.

To increase the use of textbook in classroom, our government via Malaysian Examination Council (Majlis Peperiksaan Malaysia) has decided to limit the scope of some SPM essay questions to the SPM syllabus since 2004. Hence you can actually spot the essay questions by excluding the past years’ topics. Besides that, you can analyse the trial papers’ (kertas soalan percubaan) essay questions. Here I show you a real instance where the trial question was similar to the real SPM question. Last year, the fifth essay question (tulis cerpen berdasarkan peribahasa ‘bulat air kerana pembetung, bulat manusia kerana muafakat’) in the real SPM examination was identical with Terengganu second BM trial paper’s fifth question. Was it a question leak (soalan bocor) or just a coincidence? There are a lot more real cases in other subjects too!

Below, a recap of the main tips of this post:
Essays should be grammatically correct (ayat gramatis) besides showing wide vocabulary (kosa kata luas) and interesting phrases (fasa menarik).
Section A
  • Ensure that the length of your essay is within the suggested length.
  • Do not write about the pictures. Instead, write an essay on the topic given.

Section B
  • Write lengthy essay about 700 words.
  • Use some relevant idioms in your writing.
  • Analyse the topics covered in your form four and five textbooks, past years’ questions and trial papers.